{"id":3186,"date":"2026-03-12T22:26:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T21:26:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/?p=3186"},"modified":"2026-03-12T22:26:14","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T21:26:14","slug":"atwooduv-padostroj-priklady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak kousnout do Atwoodova stroje? Pr\u016fvodce blokov\u00fdmi \u00falohami"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u00davod: No\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fra s bloky? Tentokr\u00e1t ne!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Blokov\u00e9 \u00falohy, \u010dast\u011bji zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako <strong>Stroj Atwood<\/strong>, je jednou z prvn\u00edch v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek dynamiky. A\u010dkoli se sestava zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt jednoduch\u00e1 - dva kv\u00e1dry o r\u016fzn\u00fdch hmotnostech zav\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 na niti p\u0159ehozen\u00e9 p\u0159es disk -, pr\u00e1v\u011b tady dost\u00e1v\u00e1 mnoho \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a student\u016f \u201ep\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku\u201d o znam\u00e9nk\u00e1ch (+\/-) a \u0161patn\u011b definovan\u00fdch tahov\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed <strong>zrychlen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu a<\/strong> a <strong>nap\u00ednac\u00ed s\u00edla lana T<\/strong> vy\u017eaduje pochopen\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed sil. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si tento probl\u00e9m rozebereme tak, abyste ho zvl\u00e1dli za 5 minut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Teorie v kostce: ide\u00e1ln\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u017e se dostanete ke vzorc\u016fm, mus\u00edte zn\u00e1t pravidla hry. V akademick\u00fdch \u00faloh\u00e1ch obvykle p\u0159ej\u00edm\u00e1me ide\u00e1ln\u00ed model:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S\u00edla tahu lana <em>T<\/em><\/strong> m\u00e1 na obou stran\u00e1ch bloku stejnou hodnotu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vl\u00e1kno je nerozta\u017eiteln\u00e9 a bezt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/strong> - V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee zrychlen\u00ed obou blok\u016f je stejn\u00e9 a hmotnost vl\u00e1kna nem\u00e1 na v\u00fdsledek vliv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Blok je bezt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd a na ose nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu t\u0159en\u00ed.<\/strong> - To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee cel\u00e1 tahov\u00e1 s\u00edla se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo mezi bloky (v mechanice tuh\u00fdch t\u011bles se to zm\u011bn\u00ed, ale v bodov\u00e9 dynamice je to standardn\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Rozlo\u017een\u00ed sil: T\u00edha vs. tah<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kl\u00ed\u010dem je nakreslit s\u00edly pro ka\u017ed\u00fd blok zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dejme, \u017ee  <math data-latex=\"m_2 &gt; m_1\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>&gt;<\/mo><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">m_2 &gt; m_1<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>. Syst\u00e9m se za\u010dne pohybovat sm\u011brem k t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edmu bloku. <math data-latex=\"m_2\"><semantics><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">m_2<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">3. odvozen\u00ed vzorc\u016f: druh\u00fd Newton\u016fv z\u00e1kon dynamiky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pro blok 1 <math data-latex=\"\\boldsymbol{(m_1)}\"><semantics><mrow style=\"font-weight:bold;\"><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">(<\/mo><msub><mi>\ud835\udc8e<\/mi><mstyle style=\"font-style:italic;font-family:Cambria, 'Times New Roman', serif;font-weight:bold;\"><mn>1<\/mn><\/mstyle><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\tu\u010dn\u00fd symbol{(m_1)}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>:<\/strong> Pohybuje se sm\u011brem nahoru. Tahov\u00e1 s\u00edla (T1) \u201ev\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed\u201d nad hmotnost\u00ed <math data-latex=\"m_1g\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">m_1g<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> .<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pro blok 2 <strong><math data-latex=\"\\boldsymbol{(m_2)}\"><semantics><mrow style=\"font-weight:bold;\"><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">(<\/mo><msub><mi>\ud835\udc8e<\/mi><mstyle style=\"font-style:italic;font-family:Cambria, 'Times New Roman', serif;font-weight:bold;\"><mn>2<\/mn><\/mstyle><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\tu\u010dn\u00fd symbol{(m_2)}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/strong>:<\/strong> Pohybuje se sm\u011brem dol\u016f. Hmotnost <math data-latex=\"m_2g\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">m_2g<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math> \u201ev\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed\u201d s pevnost\u00ed v tahu (T2).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee tahov\u00e1 s\u00edla na obou stran\u00e1ch je rovna :  <math data-latex=\"T_1=T_2=T\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>T<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>T<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>T<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">T_1=T_2=T<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"941\" height=\"742\" data-attachment-id=\"3240\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/1-7\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?fit=941%2C742&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"941,742\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?fit=941%2C742&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?resize=941%2C742&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"P\u0159\u00edklad \u00falohy s hmotami na kv\u00e1dru, Atwood\u016fv stroj, solveredu\" class=\"wp-image-3240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?w=941&amp;ssl=1 941w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?resize=300%2C237&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?resize=768%2C606&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-2.jpg?resize=15%2C12&amp;ssl=1 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 941px) 100vw, 941px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">P\u0159\u00edklad diagramu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-theme-1-color has-theme-2-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Sch\u00e9ma zapojen\u00ed a v\u0161echny v\u00fdpo\u010dty jsou generov\u00e1ny v programu <a href=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/mechanika-kladky-hmotnosti-sikma-rovina\/\"><strong>Kalkula\u010dka dynamiky blok\u016f a hmotnost\u00ed<\/strong><\/a> . M\u016f\u017eete jej pou\u017e\u00edt k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed podrobn\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto typu \u00falohy.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"353\" height=\"475\" data-attachment-id=\"3245\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/2-8\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?fit=353%2C475&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"353,475\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?fit=353%2C475&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?resize=353%2C475&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?w=353&amp;ssl=1 353w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?resize=223%2C300&amp;ssl=1 223w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?resize=9%2C12&amp;ssl=1 9w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vyvozen\u00e9 s\u00edly pro ka\u017edou hmotu a blok<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pot\u00e9 zap\u00ed\u0161eme pohybov\u00e9 rovnice pro ka\u017ed\u00fd blok zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"328\" height=\"256\" data-attachment-id=\"3244\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/3-5\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-1.jpg?fit=328%2C256&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"328,256\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-1.jpg?fit=328%2C256&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-1.jpg?resize=328%2C256&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3244\" style=\"width:328px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-1.jpg?w=328&amp;ssl=1 328w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-1.jpg?resize=300%2C234&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-1.jpg?resize=15%2C12&amp;ssl=1 15w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vych\u00e1z\u00edme z kinematick\u00e9ho vztahu <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"364\" height=\"114\" data-attachment-id=\"3248\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/5-4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5-1.jpg?fit=364%2C114&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"364,114\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"5\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5-1.jpg?fit=364%2C114&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5-1.jpg?resize=364%2C114&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5-1.jpg?w=364&amp;ssl=1 364w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5-1.jpg?resize=300%2C94&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5-1.jpg?resize=18%2C6&amp;ssl=1 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kdy\u017e tyto rovnice se\u010dtete po stran\u00e1ch a zjednodu\u0161\u00edte, dostanete n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"441\" height=\"411\" data-attachment-id=\"3249\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/6-4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6-1.jpg?fit=441%2C411&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"441,411\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6-1.jpg?fit=441%2C411&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6-1.jpg?resize=441%2C411&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3249\" style=\"width:308px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6-1.jpg?w=441&amp;ssl=1 441w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6-1.jpg?resize=300%2C280&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6-1.jpg?resize=13%2C12&amp;ssl=1 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po dosazen\u00ed p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdch hodnot do na\u0161eho p\u0159\u00edkladu z\u00edsk\u00e1me kone\u010dn\u00e9 hodnoty zrychlen\u00ed. <strong>a<\/strong> a pevnost v tahu <strong>T<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"787\" data-attachment-id=\"3251\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/7-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7-1.jpg?fit=683%2C787&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"683,787\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"7\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7-1.jpg?fit=683%2C787&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7-1.jpg?resize=683%2C787&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3251\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.8678535497134858;width:439px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7-1.jpg?w=683&amp;ssl=1 683w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7-1.jpg?resize=260%2C300&amp;ssl=1 260w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7-1.jpg?resize=10%2C12&amp;ssl=1 10w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3 Shrnut\u00ed a nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dotazy.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Atwood\u016fv stroj je jedn\u00edm z nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch, ale nejelegantn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch model\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i v\u00fduce newtonovsk\u00e9 dynamiky. Umo\u017e\u0148uje v praxi vid\u011bt, jak funguj\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V \u010dl\u00e1nku jsme uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pohyb syst\u00e9mu vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmo z <strong>Druh\u00fd Newton\u016fv princip<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zrychlen\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na <strong>rozd\u00edl hmotnost\u00ed<\/strong>, nikoliv jejich celkov\u00e9 sou\u010dty,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nap\u011bt\u00ed v nit\u00edch je v\u017edy <strong>mezi hmotnostmi obou t\u011bles<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I jednoduch\u00fd syst\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k chyb\u00e1m ve v\u00fdpo\u010dtu, pokud jsou rovnice zaps\u00e1ny nespr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proto v praxi mnoho student\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1stroje, jako jsou nap\u0159. <a href=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/mechanika-kladky-hmotnosti-sikma-rovina\/\"><strong>Kalkula\u010dka dynamiky blok\u016f a hmotnost\u00ed<\/strong><\/a> <strong> v SolverEdu<\/strong>, kter\u00fd automaticky vyp\u00ed\u0161e zrychlen\u00ed a nap\u011bt\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b zadan\u00fdch vah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed soust\u0159edit se na <strong>porozum\u011bn\u00ed fyzice<\/strong>, ne\u017e na riziku chyby ve v\u00fdpo\u010dtu.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1773348984938\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">V\u017edy se sni\u017euje hmotnost?<br><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignright\" alt=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"3245\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/post\/maszyna-atwooda-zadania\/2-8\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?fit=353%2C475&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"353,475\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1.jpg?fit=353%2C475&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\n<p>Ano.<br \/>Pokud se hmotnosti li\u0161\u00ed, <strong>t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed hmota v\u017edy zrychluje sm\u011brem dol\u016f<\/strong>, a leh\u010d\u00ed se pohybuje nahoru.<br \/>Pokud jsou hmotnosti shodn\u00e9, syst\u00e9m z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v poloze. <strong>bilance<\/strong> a zrychlen\u00ed je 0.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1773349016528\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Pro\u010d z\u00e1vis\u00ed zrychlen\u00ed na sou\u010dtu hmotnost\u00ed?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Proto\u017ee ob\u011b hmoty tvo\u0159\u00ed <strong>jeden dynamick\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong>.<br \/>Rozd\u00edl hmotnost\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje pohyb, ale celkov\u00e1 hmotnost soustavy ovliv\u0148uje jej\u00ed setrva\u010dnost. Proto m\u00e1 zrychlen\u00ed tvar:<br \/><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>a<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>\u2212<\/mo><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>m<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">a = \\frac{(m_2 - m_1)g}{m_1 + m_2}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1773349101090\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Je nap\u011bt\u00ed v niti rovno hmotnosti jednoho z t\u011bles?<br><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ne.<br \/>Nap\u011bt\u00ed <strong>se nerovn\u00e1<\/strong> \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ze z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed p\u0159i pohybu syst\u00e9mu.<br \/>V\u017edy je to <strong>men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hmotnost v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho t\u011blesa a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hmotnost men\u0161\u00edho t\u011blesa.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1773349140968\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Jak po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1te nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fakol stroje Atwood?<br><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed metoda je:<br \/>- zapi\u0161te rovnice z 2. Newtonova principu pro ob\u011b hmotnosti,<br \/>- \u0159e\u0161it soustavu rovnic,<br \/>- vypo\u010d\u00edtat zrychlen\u00ed a nap\u011bt\u00ed.<br \/>M\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/mechanika-kladky-hmotnosti-sikma-rovina\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2866\">Atwoodova strojov\u00e1 kalkula\u010dka v SolverEdu<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00fd tyto v\u00fdpo\u010dty prov\u00e1d\u00ed automaticky a okam\u017eit\u011b zobrazuje v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Wst\u0119p: Koszmar z bloczkami? Nie tym razem! Zadania z bloczkami, znane szerzej jako maszyna Atwooda, to jeden z pierwszych powa\u017cnych sprawdzian\u00f3w z dynamiki. Cho\u0107 uk\u0142ad wydaje si\u0119 prosty \u2013 dwa klocki o r\u00f3\u017cnych masach zawieszone na nici przerzuconej przez kr\u0105\u017cek \u2013 to w\u0142a\u015bnie tutaj wielu uczni\u00f3w i student\u00f3w &#8222;wyk\u0142ada si\u0119&#8221; na znakach (+\/-) i \u017ale [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":255930052,"featured_media":3260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[14815,14816],"tags":[14846,14820,14845,14847],"class_list":["post-3186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mechanika","category-wytrzymalosc-materialow","tag-belka-swobodnie-podparta","tag-rownania-rownowagi","tag-reakcje-podporowe","tag-stateczna-wyznaczalnosc"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/solveredu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/8-1-e1773349619525.jpg?fit=473%2C377&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pg3flK-Po","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/255930052"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3186"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3263,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3186\/revisions\/3263"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3260"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solveredu.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}